Linear Integrated Circuits

UNIT I: IC Fabrication and Circuit Configuration for Linear IC

•         Introduction to Integrated Circuits (ICs)

•         Advantages over discrete components

•         Monolithic IC Fabrication process

•         Construction of monolithic components:

·         Bipolar transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors, inductors

•         Current mirrors and sources

•         Voltage sources and references

•         Differential amplifiers with active loads

•         Op-amp stages and internal diagram of IC 741

•         Performance characteristics: DC, AC, slew rate

•         Open-loop and closed-loop configurations

UNIT II: Applications of Operational Amplifiers

•         Basic applications: Sign changer, scale changer, voltage follower

•         Signal processing circuits:

·         Phase shifter, V-to-I and I-to-V converters

·         Adder, subtractor, integrator, differentiator

•         Advanced circuits:

·         Instrumentation amplifier, log/antilog amplifiers

·         Comparators, Schmitt trigger, precision rectifier

·         Peak detector, clipper, clamper

•         Filter design:

·         Low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass Butterworth filters

UNIT III: Analog Multiplier and Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)

•         Analog multipliers:

·         Emitter-coupled pair, Gilbert cell

·         Variable transconductance technique

·         Analog multiplier ICs and applications

•         PLL operation and analysis

•         Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

•         IC 565 PLL: Applications in

·         AM/FM detection

·         FSK modulation/demodulation

·         Frequency synthesizer

UNIT IV: A/D and D/A Converters

•         Data conversion fundamentals

•         D/A converters:

·         Specifications, weighted resistor, R-2R ladder types

·         Voltage-mode and current-mode converters

·         Sample-and-hold circuits

•         A/D converters:

·         Flash, Successive Approximation, Single/Dual slope

·         Voltage-to-Time Conversion

·         Oversampling ADCs

UNIT V: Waveform Generators and Special Function ICs

•         Signal generators:

·         Sine wave, triangular, sawtooth

·         Multivibrators using op-amps

·         ICL8038 function generator

•         Timer IC 555: Modes and applications

•         Voltage regulators:

·         Fixed and adjustable (IC 723)

·         Switching regulators

•         Special ICs:

·         Switched capacitor filter (MF10)

·         Frequency-to-Voltage and Voltage-to-Frequency converters

·         Audio/Video amplifiers, Isolation amplifiers

·         Opto-couplers, Fiber optic ICs

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Grading Policy:

- Internal Assignment Score: This accounts for 30% of the final grade and is calculated based on the average of the best three assignments out of all the assignments given in the course.

- Final Proctored Exam Score: This makes up 70% of the final grade and is derived from the proctored exam score out of 100.

- Final Score: The final score is the sum of the average assignment score and the exam score.

Eligibility for Certification:

- To qualify for a certificate, you must achieve an average assignment score of at least 10 out of 30, and an exam score of at least 30 out of 70. If one of the 2 criteria is not met, you will not get the certificate even if the Final score >=40/100.

Certificate Details:

- The certificate will include your name, photograph, roll number, and the percentage score from the final exam. It will also feature the logos of the Ministry of Education, SWAYAM, and NITTTR.

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