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Switchgear and Protection

By Dr. Ram Jethmalani   |   NIT, Puducherry
Learners enrolled: 194
This course equips students with essential skills to maintain and operate switchgear and protection systems in electrical power networks. Covering fundamentals of faults, circuit interruption devices, protective relays, and protection schemes for alternators, transformers, motors, bus-bars, and transmission lines, it emphasizes practical application, selection, and industry-standard safety practices.
Summary
Course Status : Upcoming
Course Type :
Language for course content : English
Duration : 8 weeks
Category :
  • Teacher Education
Credit Points : 3
Level : Diploma
Start Date : 26 Jan 2026
End Date : 30 Apr 2026
Enrollment Ends : 28 Feb 2026
Exam Date :
Translation Languages : English
NCrF Level   : 4.5 — 5.5
Industry Details : Education and Training

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Course layout

Week 1:  Unit– I Basics of Protection

Necessity, functions of protective system.

Normal and abnormal conditions.

Types of faults and their causes.

Week 2:  Unit– I Basics of Protection

Protection zones and backup protection

Short circuit fault calculations in lines fed by generators through transformers

Need of current limiting reactors and their arrangements.


Week 3: Unit– II Circuit Interruption Devices

HRC fuses – Construction, working, characteristics and applications.

Arc formation process, methods of arc extinction (High resistance and Low resistance), 

Arc voltage, Recovery voltage, Re-striking voltage, RRRV.


Week 4: Unit– II Circuit Interruption Devices

Isolators- Vertical break, Horizontal break and Pantograph type.

L.T. circuit breaker (Air circuit breakers (ACB), Miniature circuit breakers (MCB), Moulded case circuit breakers (MCCB) and Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB)) - Working and applications. HT circuit breakers (Sulphur-hexa Fluoride (SF6), Vacuum circuit breaker) - Working, construction, specifications and applications.


Week 5: Unit– II Circuit Interruption Devices

Selection of LT and HT circuit breakers (ratings)

Selection of MCCB for motors.

Gas insulated switchgear.


Week 6: Unit– III Protective Relays

  • Fundamental quality requirements: Selectivity, Speed, Sensitivity, Reliability, Simplicity, Economy.
  • Protective relays: Classification, principle of working, construction and operation of – Electromagnetic (Attracted armature type, Solenoid type, Watt-hour meter type) relay.

Week 7: Unit– III Protective Relays

Overcurrent relay-Time current characteristics.

Basic relay terminology- Protective relay, Relay time, Pick up, Reset current, current setting, Plug setting multiplier, Time setting multiplier.

Microprocessor based over current relays: Block diagram, working.

Thermal relay. Block diagram and working of Static relay.


Week 8: Unit– III Protective Relays

Distance relaying- Principle, operation of Definite distance relays.

Directional relay: Need and operation.

Operation of current and voltage differential relay.


Week 9: Unit– IV Protection of Alternator and Transformer

Alternator Protection

o Faults, Differential protection Over current, earth fault, overheating and field failure, protection.

o Reverse power protection.


Week 10: Unit– IV Protection of Alternator and Transformer

Transformer Protection

o Faults, Differential, over current, earth fault, over heating protection, Limitations of differential protection.

o Buchholz relay: Construction, operation, merits and demerits.

Week 11: Unit– V Protection of Motors, Bus-bar and Transmission Line 

Motor Faults. Short circuit protection, Overload protection, Single phase preventer.

Bus bar and Transmission line, Faults on Bus bar and Transmission Lines.

Bus bar protection: Differential and Fault bus protection.


Week 12: Unit– V Protection of Motors, Bus-bar and Transmission Line 

Transmission line: Over current, Distance and Pilot wire protection.

Books and references

  1. Mehta V. K ;Rohit Mehta, Principles of Power System, S .Chand and Co., New Delhi., ISBN: 978-81-2192-496-2,
  2. Rao.Sunil S., Switchgear and Protection, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-81-7409- 232-3,
  3. Singh, R. P., Switchgear and Power System Protection, PHI Learning, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-81-203-3660-5,
  4. Gupta. J. B.. Switchgear and Protection, S. K. Kataria and Sons, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-93-5014- 372-8,
  5. Veerapan, N.,Krishnamurty, S. R., Switchgear and Protection, S .Chand and Co., New Delhi. ISBN: 978-81-2193-212-7,
  6. Ram, Badri; Vishwakarma D. N., Power System Protection and Switchgear, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi. ISBN : 978-07-107774-X,
  7. Paithankar, Y. G.; Bhide, S. R., Fundamentals of Power System Protection, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. ISBN: 81-203-2194-4.

Instructor bio

Dr. Ram Jethmalani

NIT, Puducherry

Dr. Ram Jethmalani C H, is working as an Assistant Professor in Department of EEE, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal. He has a doctorate in power system from NIT Tiruchirappalli. He has 10 years of experience in teaching and 1-year experience in industry (Soliton Technologies, Bengaluru).He have published more than 15 journal articles and 5 conference articles in the areas related to power systems. He is an experienced electrical engineering faculty specializing in power systems, analysis, operation, switchgear, protection and economics. His research focuses on system protection, fault analysis, and relay coordination in modern electrical networks. He has published multiple papers in reputed journals on power system and AI applications on it. He is committed to blending theoretical knowledge with hands-on laboratory experience, preparing students for industry-ready competencies in electrical power system maintenance and protection.


Course certificate

"The SWAYAM Course Enrolment and learning is free. However, to obtain a certificate, the learner must register and take the proctored exam in person at one of the designated exam centres. The registration URL will be announced by NTA once the registration form becomes available. To receive the certification, you need to complete the online registration form and pay the examination fee. Additional details, including any updates, will be provided upon the publication of the exam registration form. For more information about the exam locations and the terms associated with completing the form, please refer to the form itself."

 

Grading Policy:

 

- Internal Assignment Score: This accounts for 30% of the final grade and is calculated based on the average of the best three assignments out of all the assignments given in the course.

- Final Proctored Exam Score: This makes up 70% of the final grade and is derived from the proctored exam score out of 100.

- Final Score: The final score is the sum of the average assignment score and the exam score.

 

Eligibility for Certification:

 

- To qualify for a certificate, you must achieve an average assignment score of at least 10 out of 30, and an exam score of at least 30 out of 70. If one of the 2 criteria is not met, you will not get the certificate even if the Final score >=40/100.

Certificate Details:

 

- The certificate will include your name, photograph, roll number, and the percentage score from the final exam. It will also feature the logos of the Ministry of Education, SWAYAM, and NITTTR.

- Certificate Format: Only electronic certificates (e-certificates) will be issued; hard copies will not be dispatched.

 

Once again, thanks for your interest in our online courses and certification. Happy Learning.

 

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