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Operation and Maintenance Practices for Small Hydro Power Plants

By Prof. Sharad K. Pradhan & Prof. Himanshu Nautiyal   |   National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Bhopal
Learners enrolled: 48
Welcome to the Massive open online course on Operation and Maintenance Practices for Small Hydro Power Plants. I am the course coordinator of this MOOC and along with me Prof. Himanshu Nautiyal will be the course co- coordinator.

Hydroelectric power, including large and small hydro projects, contributes significantly to India's renewable energy portfolio. India has reached a significant milestone in its renewable energy journey, with the country's total renewable energy capacity crossing the 200 GW (Gigawatt) mark as of October 10, 2024. A variety of renewable energy resources contribute to this impressive figure. Solar power leads the way with 90.76 GW, playing a crucial role in India’s efforts to harness its abundant sunlight. Wind power follows closely with 47.36 GW, driven by the vast potential of the coastal and inland wind corridors across the country. Hydroelectric power is another key contributor, with large hydro projects generating 46.92 GW and small hydro power adding 5.07 GW, offering a reliable and sustainable source of energy from India’s rivers and water systems. India has set ambitious targets for renewable energy capacity, aiming to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel-based capacity by 2030.

The green and digital transitions represent two major global transformations that are reshaping industries, economies, and educational systems. Further, AICTE and NEP 2020 recommends inclusion of emerging technology area courses and experiential and skill based learning into the existing Diploma, UG and PG engineering programs. Introducing Operation and Maintenance Practices for Small Hydropower (SHP) Plants as a professional elective or value-added course will equip students with practical knowledge of hydropower systems integrated with IR4.0 tools. This will enhance their employability, align them with industry needs, and prepare them to manage smart and sustainable energy systems. As Operation and Maintenance of SHP Plants is a vital area in renewable energy and many technical education institutes are now focusing on integrating it into their curriculum, there is a growing need for well-structured curriculum frameworks, underpinning knowledge, innovative instructional methods, and effective assessment tools related to this course. These will enable teachers to deliver the course efficiently at diploma, UG, and PG levels, ensuring that students gain both practical expertise and IR4.0-aligned skills for managing smart and sustainable hydropower systems.

Small Hydropower (SHP) refers to hydroelectric projects with relatively low capacity, typically up to 25 MW (in Indian Context), that provide clean, renewable, and decentralized power for local and regional needs. While SHP plants play a vital role in sustainable energy transitions, their performance and reliability largely depend on effective operation and maintenance (O&M). Proper O&M ensures maximum efficiency, reduces downtime, extends equipment life, and enhances safety, making it crucial for the long-term success of SHP projects. The MOOC on “Operation and Maintenance Practices for  SHP Plants” is designed to equip learners with in-depth knowledge and practical skills in managing SHP systems. The course covers the fundamentals of civil structures, turbines, generators, valves, and control systems of SHP Plants along with their preventive, predictive & breakdown maintenance practices. Through e-content, videos lectures, case studies, demonstrations, assignments and discussion topics the course will prepare diploma, UG, PG students, and professionals to handle challenges in SHP operation, improve plant performance, and contribute to India’s clean energy goals.
This 4 credit course comprises of 8 units.
Unit 1: Introduction to Small Hydropower Plants (SHP)
Unit 2: Basics of SHP Operation
Unit 3: Civil Components and Maintenance
Unit 4: Hydro-mechanical Equipment and Maintenance
Unit 5: Turbines and Governing Systems
Unit 6: Electrical Equipment and Maintenance
Unit 7: Control, Instrumentation, and Monitoring
Unit 8: Operation Practices and Safety

After going through this MOOC the learner would be able to:
Explain the fundamentals of small hydropower systems, including operation of various components.
Realize the importance of operation and maintenance in enhancing efficiency, reliability, and safety of SHP plants.
Follow standard procedures for start-up, shut-down, and grid synchronization of SHP plants.
Identify common operational challenges of SHP plants and propose practical solutions.
Maintain hydro-mechanical equipment, civil structures, electrical equipment and control system for reliable operation.
Apply preventive, corrective, and predictive maintenance strategies for effective SHP plant management.
We welcome you to register for this MOOC on the SWAYAM platform. Looking forward for a healthy interaction during the whole course. 

Summary
Course Status : Upcoming
Course Type : Elective
Language for course content : English
Duration : 12 weeks
Category :
  • Teacher Education
Credit Points : 4
Level : Undergraduate/Postgraduate
Start Date : 26 Jan 2026
End Date : 30 Apr 2026
Enrollment Ends : 28 Feb 2026
Exam Date :
Translation Languages : English
NCrF Level   : 4.5 — 8.0
Industry Details : Infrastructure

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Course layout

Week 1: Unit-1: Introduction to Small Hydropower (SHP); Unit-2: Basics of SHP Plant Operation

Week 2: Unit-3: Civil Components and Maintenance

Week 3: Unit-4: Hydro-mechanical Equipment and Maintenance

Week 4: Unit-5: Turbines and Governing Systems

Week 5-6: Unit-6: Electrical Equipment and Maintenance

Week 7: Unit-7: Control, Instrumentation, and Monitoring

Week 8: Unit 8: Operation Practices and Safety

Books and references

  • C.C. Warnick – Hydropower Engineering (Prentice Hall, 1920).

  • Sunil Kumar Singal, Varun Goel, Himanshu Nautiyal, Dimitris Papantonis- Small Hydropower: Design and Analysis, (Elsevier 2023).

  • Shambhu Ratan Awasthi & Shiv Vishal Pandey – Renewable Energy from Small & Micro Hydro Projects: Practical Aspects and Case Studies (CRC Press, 2021).

Instructor bio

Prof. Sharad K. Pradhan & Prof. Himanshu Nautiyal

National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Bhopal

Dr. Sharad K. Pradhan is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at NITTTR Bhopal and is currently serving as Director of THDC-IHET, Tehri (on deputation). Prior to joining NITTTR Bhopal, he worked as a Scientist at the Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CMERI), Durgapur, WB, India. He has coordinated more than 300 short-term courses for technical teachers and has played a key role in developing outcome-based curricula for four states in the areas of Mechanical Engineering and allied disciplines. He has also contributed to MOOCs under NITTT-AICTE, Advanced Instructional Methods, Accreditation of UG/PG Programs, 3D Printing and Design for Educators. His research interests span finite element model updating, structural dynamic design, simulation of manufacturing processes, robotics, and additive manufacturing. He has published numerous research papers, authored two books, and holds seven patents.  He is a consistent learner and is motivated to contribute to the world of knowledge.

Himanshu Nautiyal is currently serving as Assistant Professor and Head of the Mechanical Engineering Department at THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering & Technology (THDC-IHET), Tehri, with over 14 years of teaching and administrative experience. He also holds the position of Dean (Academic) and has earlier contributed significantly as Dean (R&D) and through active involvement in various institutional committees. He is a recipient of two Director’s Medals during his M.Tech. at NIT Hamirpur and the Teaching Excellence Award at THDC-IHET. His core areas of expertise include small hydropower, hydraulic machines, renewable energy, and sustainability assessment.He is the author of Small Hydropower: Design & Analysis (Elsevier, 2023) and has contributed over 25 publications, along with two design patents. As an active reviewer for several reputed international journals, he continues to advance research and education in clean and sustainable energy systems.

Course certificate

"The SWAYAM Course Enrolment and learning is free. However, to obtain a certificate, the learner must register and take the proctored exam in person at one of the designated exam centres. The registration URL will be announced by NTA once the registration form becomes available. To receive the certification, you need to complete the online registration form and pay the examination fee. Additional details, including any updates, will be provided upon the publication of the exam registration form. For more information about the exam locations and the terms associated with completing the form, please refer to the form itself."

 

Grading Policy:

 

- Internal Assignment Score: This accounts for 30% of the final grade and is calculated based on the average of the best three assignments out of all the assignments given in the course.

- Final Proctored Exam Score: This makes up 70% of the final grade and is derived from the proctored exam score out of 100.

- Final Score: The final score is the sum of the average assignment score and the exam score.

 

Eligibility for Certification:

 

- To qualify for a certificate, you must achieve an average assignment score of at least 10 out of 30, and an exam score of at least 30 out of 70. If one of the 2 criteria is not met, you will not get the certificate even if the Final score >=40/100.

Certificate Details:

 

- The certificate will include your name, photograph, roll number, and the percentage score from the final exam. It will also feature the logos of the Ministry of Education, SWAYAM, and NITTTR.

- Certificate Format: Only electronic certificates (e-certificates) will be issued; hard copies will not be dispatched.

 

Once again, thanks for your interest in our online courses and certification. Happy Learning.

 

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